{"id":1796,"date":"2026-10-22T14:02:36","date_gmt":"2026-10-22T13:02:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viasathistory.eu\/?p=1796"},"modified":"2026-10-22T14:02:41","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T13:02:41","slug":"faraonske-poklady-egypta-zavod-o-ne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viasathistory.eu\/cz\/blog\/egypts-pharaonic-treasures-race-to-claim-them\/","title":{"rendered":"Faraonsk\u00e9 poklady Egypta a z\u00e1vod o n\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">V 19. stolet\u00ed do\u0161lo k jedn\u00e9 z nejv\u00e1\u0161niv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch intelektu\u00e1ln\u00edch a imperi\u00e1ln\u00edch rivalit v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch: k z\u00e1vodu o vykop\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159ivlastn\u011bn\u00ed a odvezen\u00ed pam\u00e1tek starov\u011bk\u00e9ho Egypta. Seri\u00e1l <a href=\"\/cz\/serial\/prukopnici-egyptologie-prvni-lovci-pokladu\/\" target=\"_self\"><strong>Pr\u016fkopn\u00edci egyptologie: Prvn\u00ed lovci poklad\u016f<\/strong><\/a> p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed na Viasat History s prvn\u00ed s\u00e9ri\u00ed, kter\u00e1 pomoc\u00ed dramatick\u00fdch rekonstrukc\u00ed a 3D vizualizac\u00ed zachycuje dobu, kdy evropsk\u00e9 mocnosti prom\u011bnily \u00fadol\u00ed Nilu v boji\u0161t\u011b pln\u00e9 objev\u016f, ambic\u00ed a bezohledn\u00e9ho drancov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kdy\u017e Evropa vtrhla k Nilu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Napoleonovo ta\u017een\u00ed do Egypta v roce 1798 nejen\u017ee zm\u011bnilo tv\u00e1\u0159 vojensk\u00fdch d\u011bjin, ale tak\u00e9 vyvolalo na cel\u00e9m kontinentu doslova posedlost faraonskou civilizac\u00ed. Francouz\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci, kte\u0159\u00ed expedici doprov\u00e1zeli, s neb\u00fdvalou pe\u010dlivost\u00ed zdokumentovali chr\u00e1my, hrobky a hieroglyfy a sv\u00e9 poznatky zve\u0159ejnili v monument\u00e1ln\u00edm d\u00edle <em>Popis Egypta<\/em>. B\u011bhem n\u011bkolika desetilet\u00ed mezi sebou brit\u0161t\u00ed, francouz\u0161t\u00ed, ital\u0161t\u00ed a n\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed agenti otev\u0159en\u011b, a n\u011bkdy i n\u00e1siln\u011b, soupe\u0159ili o nej\u017e\u00e1dan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed egyptsk\u00e9 staro\u017eitnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viasathistory.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/c6bc3004-a557-47db-ad20-a4f7cf5a62d4-_PERNEL_MEDIA_RAIDERS_EP06_19-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tenk\u00e1 hranice mezi objevov\u00e1n\u00edm a drancov\u00e1n\u00edm<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To, co odli\u0161ovalo pr\u016fkopnick\u00e9ho egyptologa od vykrada\u010de hrob\u016f, byla \u010dasto jen ot\u00e1zka \u00fahlu pohledu a sponzorsk\u00e9 podpory. Giovanni Belzoni, b\u00fdval\u00fd cirkusov\u00fd sil\u00e1k, kter\u00fd se stal lovcem staro\u017eitnost\u00ed, se do hrobek vnikal hrub\u00fdmi metodami a pro britsk\u00e9ho konzula Henryho Salta p\u0159epravil kolos\u00e1ln\u00ed bustu Ramzese II., zn\u00e1mou jako Mlad\u0161\u00ed Memnon, do Britsk\u00e9ho muzea. Zat\u00edmco Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Champollion, kter\u00fd v roce 1822 pomoc\u00ed Rosettsk\u00e9 desky rozlu\u0161til hieroglyfy, se zasazoval o zachov\u00e1n\u00ed egyptsk\u00fdch pam\u00e1tek, i kdy\u017e s\u00e1m tak\u00e9 odvezl n\u011bkter\u00e9 kusy do Francie. Nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi t\u011bmito dv\u011bma tendencemi prov\u00e1z\u00ed cel\u00e9 toto obdob\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Konzulov\u00e9, v\u00fdb\u011br\u010d\u00ed dan\u00ed a spr\u00e1vci<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Auguste Mariette je snad nejkomplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed postavou t\u00e9 doby. Zalo\u017eil egyptskou Pam\u00e1tkovou slu\u017ebu a muzeum, z n\u011bho\u017e vzniklo Egyptsk\u00e9 muzeum v K\u00e1hi\u0159e, a chr\u00e1nil tak archeologick\u00e1 nalezi\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed odvozem do zahrani\u010d\u00ed; jeho vlastn\u00ed vykop\u00e1vky by v\u0161ak podle dne\u0161n\u00edch m\u011b\u0159\u00edtek byly pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za velmi invazivn\u00ed. Henry Salt, britsk\u00fd gener\u00e1ln\u00ed konzul, otev\u0159en\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edval sv\u00e9 postaven\u00ed k budov\u00e1n\u00ed sb\u00edrek, kter\u00e9 byly pozd\u011bji prod\u00e1ny Britsk\u00e9mu muzeu a Louvru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak z\u00e1vod o staro\u017eitnosti formoval modern\u00ed egyptologii<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sout\u011b\u017en\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161e\u0148 19. stolet\u00ed p\u0159inesla vedle sv\u00fdch ni\u010div\u00fdch d\u016fsledk\u016f i skute\u010dnou v\u011bdeckou pr\u00e1ci. Rozlu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed hieroglyf\u016f, prvn\u00ed pr\u016fzkumy \u00dadol\u00ed kr\u00e1l\u016f i po\u010d\u00e1tky institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed archeologie \u2013 to v\u0161e vze\u0161lo z tohoto bou\u0159liv\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed. Dne\u0161n\u00ed debaty o repatriaci, v\u010detn\u011b soustavn\u00fdch snah Egypta o navr\u00e1cen\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f uchov\u00e1van\u00fdch v evropsk\u00fdch muze\u00edch, jsou p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm d\u016fsledkem rozhodnut\u00ed u\u010din\u011bn\u00fdch v t\u00e9to dob\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viasathistory.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/59fde21b-bdc0-4e31-8f5f-56dce38899d2-_PERNEL_MEDIA_RAIDERS_EP05_06-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kdy sledovat na Viasat History<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sledujte na:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Od pond\u011bl\u00ed do p\u00e1tku<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2. listopadu 2026 \u2013 9. listopadu 2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>22:00 SE\u010c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"\/cz\/televizni-program\/\">Pod\u00edvejte se na kompletn\u00ed televizn\u00ed program<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky: Z\u00e1vod o staro\u017eitnosti v Egypt\u011b v 19. stolet\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><strong>Ot\u00e1zka: Byli egyptologov\u00e9 19. stolet\u00ed ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za v\u011bdce, nebo za lovce poklad\u016f?<\/strong><br>Odpov\u011b\u010f: Za oboj\u00ed, z\u00e1le\u017eelo na tom, koho se zept\u00e1te. Mnoz\u00ed z nich pracovali jako z\u00e1stupci konzul\u016f a sb\u011bratel\u016f, zat\u00edmco v\u011bdci mezi sebou vedli ostr\u00e9 debaty o jejich metod\u00e1ch. Hranice mezi pe\u010dliv\u00fdm vykop\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm a oportunistick\u00fdm odn\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm n\u00e1lez\u016f byla m\u00e1lokdy jasn\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><strong>Ot\u00e1zka: Co se stalo se staro\u017eitnostmi odvezen\u00fdmi z Egypta v tomto obdob\u00ed?<\/strong><br>Odpov\u011b\u010f: Mnoh\u00e9 z nich skon\u010dily ve v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch evropsk\u00fdch sb\u00edrk\u00e1ch, jako je Britsk\u00e9 muzeum a Louvre, kde se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed dodnes. Egypt opakovan\u011b vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 k navr\u00e1cen\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u011bdictv\u00ed t\u00e9to \u00e9ry st\u00e1le v centru pozornosti.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rival European powers raced to claim Egypt&#8217;s ancient treasures in the 19th century. Discover the explorers who walked the line between science and plunder.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":1798,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[126],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1796","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-premiere-of-the-month"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Rival European powers raced to claim Egypt&#039;s ancient treasures in the 19th century. 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